Preliminaries

Frontispiece:
‘The Quire of Canterbury Cathedral’, painted by Thomas Johnson (c.1628-85) in 1657. Acquired by Canterbury Cathedral in December 2023 under the Acceptance in Lieu Scheme.

Archæologia Cantiana

Being Contributions to the History and Archaeology of Kent

VOLUME CXLV

2024

Published by the

Kent Archaeological Society

Charitable Incorporated Organization no. 1176989

© 2024 Kent Archaeological Society

ISSN 0066-5894

Produced for the Society by Past Historic, Kings Stanley, Gloucestershire

Printed in Great Britain

Index of Contents

• Archaeological investigations at the Cluniac House of Horton Priory
  1
• The Architectural Development of Horton Priory from its Foundation to the 17th century
  29
• A Tudor shipwreck on Dungeness: shipping and wrecks around Lydd in the medieval and early modern periods
  55
• The excavation of Barrow 4 in the Lord of the Manor barrow group at Ozengell, near Ramsgate
  78
• The Early Medieval Pottery assemblage from the Excavations at Lyminge, 2008-2015
  95
• Archaeological Investigations along the Lamberhurst bypass: a medieval iron-working site at Spray Hill
  132
• Heroes and Villains: the Tunbridge Wells Police Scandal of 1853
  161
• Anglo-Saxon cemetery sites around Nonington
  185
• Register E: the ‘Great Cartulary’ of Christ Church Priory, Canterbury
  212
• The Economy and Administration of Boxley Abbey and its Estates in the Fourteenth century
  233
• Caesar’s Camp, a Late Iron Age enclosure and medieval pits at the Holwood Estate, Keston
  243
• How we lived then: a Study of Wills and Inventories from the Isle of Thanet 1480-1773
  267
• Bronze Age sword moulds from Holborough Quarry, Snodland, in context
  290

Researches and Discoveries

• The Lees Court Estate findings
  309
• A Prehistoric Pebble Hammer from Goodnestone, near Faversham
  311
• People and Economy of South Frith before the Black Death
  313
• Pear-based Place Names: a note on Perry Wood
  328
• Canterbury’s Missing Burghmote Minute Book (1602-1630)
  337
• An Urban Ice Well at Gravesend
  346

Reviews

• Cemeteries and Graveyards. A Guide for Family and Local Historians in England and Wales
  351
• Northfleet’s Forgotten Tunnels - Henley’s Second World War Industrial Air-raid Shelters
  352
• Castles of Kent Through Time
  367
• “Faithful Servant”. Rev. John Hallett Hotham, Vicar of Sutton-at-Hone 1836-1881
  371
• The Adventures of a Black Edwardian Intellectual. The Story of James Arthur Harley
  371
• Kent’s Literary Heritage
  367
• Changing Queenships in Tenth-Century England: Rhetoric and (Self-) Representation in the Case of Eadgifu of Kent at Cooling
  371

• Kentish Bibliography
  357
• Obituaries
  359
• Notes on the Contributors
  367
• General Index
  371

Cover illustration: ‘Register E’ The Great Cartulary of Christ Church Priory, Canterbury. (Photograph by Dr Toby Huitson; reproduced with the permission of the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury). See article on pp. 212-232, fig. 1.

KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

1st january 2024

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Prof. Kerry Brown, m.a. (cantab.), pg.dip.ch., ph.d., f.r.s.a.

chair of the board of trustees

Chris Blair-Myers, f.g.s., f.b.c.s.

Fieldwork Projects; County Pottery Reference

Lloyd Bosworth, b.a., m.a.

Communications, Brand, Marketing

Richard Chaplin, ll.b., ll.m.

Governance

Roli Asthana, ph.d.

Michael Curtis

Community and Diversity

Elizabeth Dixon, b.a., m.a.

Fund Raising

Kate Kersey, b.a.

Allen Grove Fund and History

Ed Knight, m.c.i.p.p.

Communications and Membership

Elizabeth Roberts

Education and Outreach

Management Team

Richard Taylor	General Manager
Rebecca Fletcher	Deputy General Manager
Craig Campbell	Archivist
Andrew Ward	Curator
Jacob Scott	Digital Manager
Brie Thomas	Finance Manager
Ann Watson	Administration Manager
Jason Mazzocchi	Editor

Advisory Council

Gerald Cramp, b.sc., ph.d.	Chair
Steve Willis, b.a., m.a., p.d.	Archaeology
Keith Parfitt, b.a., f.s.a., mcifa	Archaeology
Sheila Sweetinburgh, ph.d.	History
John Bulaitis, ph.d.	History

Committees and Special Interest Groups

[Contacts]

Publications Committee	Dr S. Sweetinburgh	publications@kentarchaeology.org
Fieldwork Committee	K. Parfitt	fwc@kentarchaeology.org
Churches Group	J. Scott	churches@kentarchaeology.org
Historic Buildings Group	D.J. Goacher	historicbuildings@kentarchaeology.org
Historic Defence Research Group	C. Holden	historicdefences@kentarchaeology.org
Industrial Archaeology Group	J. Preston	industrial@kentarchaeology.org
Maritime Archaeology Group	S. Bligh	maritime@kentarchaeology.org
Lithics Research Group	Vacant	lithics@kentarchaeology.org
Place Names Group	M. Bateson	placenames@kentarchaeology.org
Pottery Reference collection	C. Blair-Myers	pottery@kentarchaeology.org

Patrons

The Countess Sondes

The Viscount William De L’Isle, m.b.e.

Sir Robert Worcester, k.b.e., d.l.

Professor David Killingray

Dr J. Whyman ph.d., b.sc. (econ.), assoc.cipd

Mr A.I. Moffat

Mr J.M. Holland, d.l., o.b.e.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the Kent Archaeological Society.

Tribute to Terry Lawson, Honorary Editor, 1998 - 2024

Elizabeth Edwards and David Killingray have for many years been close colleagues of Terry Lawson who has recently retired as editor of Kent Archaeological Society’s annual journal Archaeologia Cantiana. Elizabeth met Terry in 1994 when, as a newly retired civil servant, he enrolled as one of the first cohort of students  on the University of Kent’s new Certificate in the Theory and Practice of Local History and proceeded to complete the Diploma in Kentish History, already the holder of an MA in geography from Cambridge. His career as a researcher on the Intelligence Staff of the Ministry of Defence, from which he retired as Assistant  Director in 1995, had clearly established a no nonsense and meticulous accuracy of detail approach to writing.  During a day’s field study on the history of Faversham he guided his fellow students and set a standard for encouraging later students to achieve useful results. Elizabeth was therefore not surprised when he took over the editorship of Archaeologia Cantiana in ١٩٩٨/٩ as it gave him the opportunity to enjoy his primary interest in archaeology and to apply the tools he had developed over the years. Very little, if anything, in the way of typographical and grammatical errors or loose argument would pass his critical eye.

Elizabeth was very happy to join him as reviews editor on the editorial team and twenty years of working in close co-operation with Terry have been a real pleasure. If there were issues to be addressed the discussions were always amicable and professional and they both had a common desire to have deadlines met. As editor of Archaeologia Cantiana Terry was also an ex officio member of Canterbury Archaeological Trust’s Publications Committee and brought to the committee table his tact and attendance to positive outcomes .

 In addition to the responsibilities for Archaeologia Cantiana Terry and Elizabeth joined with David Killingray and Sheila Sweetinburgh in the preparation, contribution to and editing  of the Historical Atlas of Kent, published in 2004. David recalls that it was a pleasure working with Terry in editing the Atlas, selecting, mobilising and occasionally gently chivvying the large number of contributors to produce what has largely been agreed as an accessible and up-to-date one volume history of the County.  Terry’s knowledge of maps was invaluable, his attention to detail masterly, and he effectively organised the cartographic work with John Hills at the then Christ Church Canterbury University College. More importantly, at a personal level, frequent editorial meetings helped forge a lasting friendship. 

 Terry was administratively very confident and competent, cautious and careful - indeed one might say conservative in its best meaning when enthusiasts offered new ideas, but always open to suggestions how Archaeologia Cantiana might be produced and presented. He was always rather modest about his written contributions, although his obvious enthusiasm for the Hearth Tax entry in the Historical Atlas no doubt appealed to his love of detail. When the KAS Publications Committee introduced the Hasted Prize for  successful MA and PhD students, Terry, David and Elizabeth once again worked together on the organisation, selection of assessors and judging, as well as co-ordinating the agreement of the final awards. There was often some difference of opinion, but fairness and discretion always came first with Terry as a valuable member of the team.

Elizabeth Edwards and David Killingray