General Index
Illustrations are denoted by page numbers in italics or by illus where figures are scattered throughout the text. The letter n following a page number indicates that the reference will be found in a note.
The following abbreviations have been used in this index: aka – also known as; C – century;
jnr – junior; Lincs – Lincolnshire; m. – married; snr – senior; Wilts – Wiltshire; Yorks – Yorkshire.
abbeys/monastic houses see Le Bec; Caen; Canterbury (Blackfriars; Christ Church; friary, Franciscan; St Augustine; St Gregory; St Sepulchre; Whitefriars); Minster; Mont St-Michel; Rochester; Westminster under London
Ælfgyva 259
Æthelberht II 317
Albinus 315
Alburgh, John 67–8, 69, 70 Alexander II (pope) 256
Allen, Tim, ‘‘Poor people in hovels’: a review of life at the bottom of medieval Kentish society following excavation of a low-status settlement
at Monkton, Thanet’ 187–215 amber, Bronze Age 84, 92
Amminus 308
Andever, John 61
Andrews, Murray, ‘An eighteenth-century gold coin hoard from Chatham’ 334–8
animal bones
late Bronze Age/early Iron Age, Gravesend
38–40, 42
medieval
Minnis Bay 281, 283, 284
Monkton 198, 204–5, 209–10
Saxo-Norman, Gravesend 38, 39, 40–3, 41 see also fish bones
Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury 256 Antonine Itinerary 302, 305
Appledore, church of SS Peter & Paul, text boards 12, 17
arrowheads, Neolithic/Bronze Age 77, 79, 80, 82,
85, 86, 91
Arverni 303, 305
Ashford, Willesborough, Boys Hall, coin hoard
337
Augustine of Canterbury, St 305 Augustine of Hippo, St 258, 260
Aulus Plautius 308
Aveling & Porter 339, 340
Avranches (France) 255, 257, 258
axes, Neolithic
Folkestone 327–8, 327
Sittingbourne 80, 82
see also handaxe
Badlesmere, church of St Leonard, text boards
7
bag/pouch, leather, medieval 270, 271
bakehouses, Saxo-Norman, Gravesend
discussion 48, 50–1
excavation evidence 30–6, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35
Balliol, Edward 182
Bandello, Matteo 110
Barham, Richard 107, 109 Barlow, Francis 334n6
Barningham (Yorks), effigy 103, 105
barrel strap, medieval 279, 279
Batavia 307 Bayeux (France)
bishop of see Odo
cathedral 256, 259, 262
Bayeux Tapestry, designer 253–62 beads, Romano-British, glass 248 Le Bec (France), abbey 255–6, 259 Bede
on Adventus Saxononum 312, 313, 314–16,
317, 318, 319
death reported in manuscript 156 on St Augustine 305
Beer, Johnann Christoph 238 Bekesbourne, depiction of 225 Belleforest, François de 110 Benenden, estate map 235 Berengar 255, 261
Bernard of Gui 155 Bertelot, Simon 61–2
Bertha, Queen of Kent 305, 316
Bexley (London Borough), Crayford, place-name 313–14
Biddenden
Biddenden Maids 157
estate map 235
[pg360]
Bilsington, church of SS Peter & Paul, text boards 6, 7, 12–13, 17
Birchington
Gore End 288, 288
Minnis Bay, excavations by Antoinette Powell-
Cotton
final years of research 286–7, 287
wells/pits
analysis 284
contents (illus) 266–8, 269–83 excavation evidence (illus) 265–6,
268–9, 273
Bishop, E. 4
Black Death 162, 179
Black Prince see Edward of Woodstock Blanning, Elizabeth, book review by 345–6 Bosewyn, Walter 64–6
Bourne, Thomas 236, 238 Bourne, William jnr 19–20
Bowen, Elizabeth, Kentish coastline in novels of 290–301, 293
Bowes, Tom Armstrong 323
Boycote, Thomas 217, 232, 233, 236, 238
Boycote, William 232, 236, 238 Boys, Frederick R. 336 Bramston, Revd William 97, 107
Brasier, William 239
Braun, Georg 229
Braun & Hogenburg, Civitates Orbis Terrarum
216, 219–23, 220–2, 229, 237
Brent, John 107
Brenzett, church of St Eanswith, text boards 1–6,
2–3, 8, 13, 17, 18
Brett & Son 323 Bridge, depiction of 225
Briggs, Chris, & Jervis, Ben, ‘Living standards of the small trader class in fifteenth-century Canterbury: evidence of escheators’ records’ 58–72
Brinsley, John 9
Britton, John 107
Broadstairs
coin weight 336
Fort House 299, 300
Kingsgate 299
North Foreland 309–10
in writings of Elizabeth Bowen 299–300 Bromley (London Borough), Downe House 301n1 Brooke, Jocelyn 291, 294
Brutus 163–4
bucket fragments, medieval 279, 280–1
Bunce, C.R. 225, 230
burials, late Neolithic–early Bronze Age, Sitting- bourne 82–4, 85, 92, 93; see also cow burial; cremations; dog burial; inhumation
Burmarsh, church of All Saints, text board 1–6,
2–3, 7, 8, 13, 17, 18
Caen (France), St Étienne Abbey 255, 256, 261
Calais (France), depiction of 174–5, 176, 182
Canterbury
Binnewith Island 308
Blackfriars, maps of 225, 226–7, 237
Bulstake 228
castle 223, 228 cathedral
Bell Harry Tower 217
maps of 219, 220–1, 228, 231, 232, 235,
236, 238
Christ Church Cathedral Priory
Cranston MS 1117 154–5, 168, 169, 172
depictions of 219, 220, 223
possessions 207–8, 209, 211–12, 213
waterworks map 216, 217, 218, 237
churches
St Martin 305
St Mildred 219, 220, 229
Dean’s Bridge 228
Eastbridge hospital 228
escheators records, C15 58–60 lists 61–9
sample 60–1
summary and discussion 69–71 friary, Franciscan 223
Fyndon Gate 220, 221
Hawks Lane 239
maps and mapmakers 216–17 discussion 236
estate mapmaking centre 231–6 maps of the city (illus) 217–31
Mulberry Green 224
Nunnery Farm 238
place-name, Roman 302, 318–19
Adventus Saxonum 312–14
Bede 314–16
cant 310–12
Cantiaci 309–10
Cantuarii 317–18
Duroarvernum? 305
Duroavenum? 305–6 Julius Caesar’s visit 307–8 Jutes 316–17
origins
alder-swamp theory 302–3
Duro- element 303–4
other guesses 304
river islands 306–7
Roman Conquest 308–9
Victuarii 318
St Augustine’s Abbey 157, 253, 254, 262
St Gregory’s Priory 238
St Mildred’s Watergate 219, 221 St Sepulchre’s Nunnery 229 Whitefriars 225
Canterbury, archbishops of see Anselm;
Cornwallis, Frederick; Edmund of Abingdon;
[pg361]
Canterbury, archbishops of (cont.) Islip, Simon; Lanfranc; Mepham, Simon of; Parker, Matthew; Reynolds, Walter; Stigand; Stratford, John; Thomas Becket; Wake, William; White, Edward
Canterbury (Eadwine) Psalter 216, 217, 218, 237
Cantiaci 309
Cantuarii 317–18
Carr, Roy 269, 273
Cave-Browne, John 109
cemetery, Anglo-Saxon 75, 89, 93 ceramic building material
Romano-British 248, 249
medieval–post-medieval 140
Cetur, Hugh 66, 70
chapmen, C15 60–1, 63, 64, 66, 67
charcoal, Bronze Age 128, 131–2, 133, 142, 143–4
Charles II 328, 330 Charles IV (of France) 182
Charles V (of France) 170–1, 184 Charles of Anjou 181
Charles Martel 156, 178
Chatham
Fort Pitt Street, Rose and Crown 334, 335, 336–7
New Road, coin hoard 334–8, 335 Cheriton see Newington and Cheriton Cheyne family 115
Edward 117
Sir John 116–17
Margaret (née Shirland) 100 Sir Thomas 114
William 100, 114, 115
Chilton, William 64
Christian, Ewan 99
Church Building Act 1818 10
Cinque Ports, in writings of Elizabeth Bowen
291–2
Clarke, Howard B. 253
Clarke & Co 342n2
Clement of Canterbury 185n18
Clement, Mr 339
Clerk, John 68–9
Cliffe, church of St Helen 9
coin hoard, Georgian 334–8, 335
coin weights 336 coins
Roman 140
medieval 140
post-medieval 140
Cooper, Henry 238 Cooper, John 238, 240n8 Cooper, Peter 332
Corio, Bernardino 110
Cornwallis, Frederick, Archbishop of Canterbury
9
Coronelli, V. 239
Cotton (Tiberius) world map 216 Court, John Atte 61
cow burial, Bronze Age 88, 93
Cowper, J.M. 225, 229
Cowper, Sarah, Lady Cowper 106 Cozens, Zechariah 98
Crane, John snr 231 Crane, John 231
Cranston MS 1117
marginal drawings 152–4
Brut continuation (illus) 169–76 discussion 177–8
listed 178–84
papal history section 155–62, 157, 158–60,
161
vitae of Canterbury archbishops and the Brut
(illus) 162–9
provenance 154–5
Cray, River 306
Crayford see under Bexley
cremations
Beaker, Sittingbourne 82–4, 92
Bronze Age
Sittingbourne 86–7, 92
Southfleet 128–31, 132, 140–1, 143, 144–9
not dated, Hoath 249 Crippen, John 236
Dartford, chattels list 60
daub
Bronze Age 86, 87
Romano-British 248
Deerton Street see under Teynham deneholes, Southfleet 135–6 Dering, Sir Edward 231 Despenser, Hugh the Younger 99 Dickerson, John 281
dog burial, late Bronze Age/early Iron Age 28–
30, 40, 52
Dover
Gore End, relationship with 288
in writings of Elizabeth Bowen 292, 296 Dover Harbour Board 231
droveway, Romano-British 249
duck decoys 328–34, 329
duels 229
Dunning, Gerald 275
Dunstrete 212
Durham, Anthony, ‘The Roman name of Canter-
bury and later misunderstandings’ 302–21 Dyer, John 65
Eastchurch
Kingsborough, prehistoric activity 75, 90, 93
Shirland manor 99, 108, 117
Eastry
Lathe Subinfeudation 210
manor 209, 210, 211–12
Eastry, Henry of, Prior 154 Ebbsfleet see under Ramsgate
[pg362]
Ediva 207
Edmond, John 66–7
Edmund II (Ironside) 165–7, 180
Edmund of Abingdon, St, Archbishop of Canter- bury 186n32
Edward the Confessor 167–9, 180, 257, 258, 260
Edward I 181
Edward III 169–70, 170, 171, 182, 183
Edward of Woodstock (Black Prince) 172, 175– 6, 177, 182
Edwards, Elizabeth, book reviews by 349–50 Edyncham, Richard 66
Elham, church of St Mary, text boards 7, 20 Elizabeth I 106, 109
Elkin, Sidrek 331–2
Ellis, Jesse & Co 339, 340, 341
Ellis, Mabel 341 enclosures
late Neolithic–early Bronze Age 77–9, 79,
81–2, 91–2
late Bronze Age/early Iron Age 25–7, 26, 30,
48, 49–50, 51
late Iron Age/Romano-British 133–5 Saxo-Norman 30, 31, 35–6
Erhethe (alias Kelme), Robert de 63, 70 escheators records see under Canterbury Eucherius, St 156, 178
Eustace of Boulogne 257 Evelyn, John 330
Exeter (Devon), cathedral, monument 103, 104
Fairfield, church of St Thomas, text boards 11, 13–14, 17, 18, 18, 19, 20
field systems
Bronze Age 88, 93, 133, 148–9
late Bronze Age/early Iron Age 28, 49–50 late Iron Age/Romano-British 247–9, 250–1
Filldon, Mr 332
Finch family 225
fire bar fragment 140 fired clay, not dated 140 fish bones, medieval 284
fish weir?, Minnis Bay 286, 287
flint
Palaeolithic, Fordwich 323–6, 325
Mesolithic, Sittingbourne 76
Mesolithic/Neolithic, Southfleet 128, 136 Neolithic
Folkestone 327–8, 327
Sittingbourne 77
Neolithic–Bronze Age, Sittingbourne 77, 78,
79, 80, 81, 82, 85–6
Bronze Age
Sittingbourne 86
Southfleet 133, 136, 137–8
Bronze Age, burnt, Southfleet 128, 131, 133,
143–4
see also arrowheads; axes; handaxe
Folkestone
East Wear Bay, axe 327–8, 327
Leas Cliff Hall 295 Metropole Hotel 294
in writings of Elizabeth Bowen 294, 295, 296–8
Fontane, Theodor 299
Fordwich
Boycote family 232
depiction of 225, 237
Moat Rough, handaxe 323–6, 325
shipping 307
Forrest, Ebenezer 106, 107, 112, 114
four-post structure, late Bronze Age/early Iron
Age 27–8, 27
Frank, Thomas 62, 63
Franklin, John 286
Fremlin, Marianne 341
Fremlin, Ralph 341
Gangulphus, St 156, 178
gavelkind 209–10 Gerald of Wales 152
Gerrard, James, & Seddon, Guy, By the Medway Marsh, reviewed 345–6
Gervase of Canterbury 168, 180
Gibbons, Trevor & Vera, ‘The medieval findings at Minnis Bay, Birchington, site of the lost settlement of Gore End, limb of the Cinque Port of Dover’ 265–89
Gildas 312, 314, 315, 316
Gilling East (Yorks), effigy 103, 104 Goldstone, Thomas, Prior 212 Goodwin Sands 299–300
Goodyer, John 106
Gordon riots 9–10
Gostling, William 106, 107
Gough, Richard 108, 109, 116
Grainge, Christine, ‘The identity of the designer
of the Bayeux Tapestry’ 253–64
Gravesend Claphall 25
Coldharbour Road, excavations background and location 23, 24
dating evidence 46, 47 discussion
prehistoric remains in context 48–50 Saxo-Norman remains in context 50–1 structured deposition 51–3, 52 topography and place 46–8
excavation evidence
late Bronze Age/early Iron Age 25–30,
26, 27, 29, 52
Saxo-Norman 30–6, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35
finds
animal bone 38–43, 41
plant remains 43–5
querns 38
registered finds 36–7, 37
[pg363]
Gravesend (cont.)
future research 53–4
historical and archaeological background 25
Northumberland Bottom 25 Great Stour, River 305–6 Green, Thomas 329
Greenwich (London Borough), Eltham, coin hoard
337
Gregory the Great, St 258, 259, 260, 305 Gregory VII (pope) 262
Grey Dolphin legend 97–123 Griffin, William 332–3
Grose, Francis 98, 107, 108, 111, 112 Grovehurst see under Sittingbourne; and Iwade Guilker, Alice 332
Gundulf, Bishop of Rochester 256, 261
Guy of Ponthieu 257, 258, 260, 262
Haines, Tim see Hayden, Chris, Score, David, &
Haines, Tim Hales family 239
hammerstone, Neolithic 77
handaxe 323–6, 325
Harbledown
Bigbury 307
place-name 306
Harbuts, Squire 332
Harold II 259–60
Harper, C.G. 99, 114
Harrington, Duncan, ‘The traction engine explosion by All Saints, Maidstone: devastation of monu- mental inscriptions in churchyard’ 338–43
Harris, J. 239
Harris, John 106, 114
Harris, Oliver D., ‘‘Grey Dolphin’ and the horse church, Minster in Sheppey: the construction of a legend’ 97–123
Hart, Cyril 254
Hart, John 238, 240n8 Hasted, Edward 107, 108
Hayden, Chris, Score, David, & Haines, Tim, ‘Late Bronze Age funerary practices and subsequent activity at Pinden Quarry, Southfleet’ 124–51
Hengist 312, 313, 314–15, 318, 319
Herluin, Abbot 255
Hert, Thomas 69
Hewitt, John 99, 112
Heyward, Walter 61
Higden, Ranulf 153
Hilcus, Sydracke 328–34
Hilkes, Elizabeth 332, 333
Hilkes, Epy 332
Hilkes, Sidrach 332 Hilkis, Martin 334n7 Hill family 217, 232, 236
Charles 232
Francis 232, 236, 239
Jared 232–6, 235, 239
Thomas 232–6, 234, 238, 239
hinges, medieval 271–3, 272
Hirst, Diana, ‘How ‘Kent’s Dramatisable Coast- line’ plays a significant role in the novels of Elizabeth Bowen’ 290–301
hoard see coin hoard Hoath, excavations
background and location 243–4, 244, 245
discussion 249–51
excavation evidence 246 early Bronze Age 245–7 Iron Age 247
early/mid Romano-British 247–8
mid/late Romano-British 248–9
undated 249
hobnails, Romano-British 248, 249
Hofnagel, George 223
Hogarth, William 106, 114
Hogenberg, Remigius 223
Hogius, Cornelius 223
Hollar, Wenceslaus 230, 238, 330, 331
hollow-way, Bronze Age 88, 93
Holman, James, & Russell, Caroline, ‘Rich- borough Connection Project: some evidence of early Bronze Age spelt wheat and late Iron Age/Roman field systems at Hoath’ 243–52
Hondius, Jodocus 229
Honey, Oliver 329
Honywood, William 234
Horsa 312, 313, 314–15
horseshoe fragment, Saxo-Norman 37
Hoskins, Richard, ‘A Neolithic flint axe from East
Wear Bay, Folkestone’ 327–8
Hovenden, Robert 341–2
human bone
Bronze Age, Southfleet 140–1
?prehistoric, Monkton 204
Hythe
Cinque Port 292, 296
lifeboat 296
railway 295, 301n2
Swan Hotel 292
Waikiki 294
in writings of Elizabeth Bowen 290–1, 292–5, 296, 299
Iguvine Tablets 305
Ingoldsby, Thomas 107
inhumation, ?prehistoric 204
insect remains, medieval 283, 284
Ireland, Samuel 98, 109
ironworking, Saxo-Norman 34
Isabella of France 171, 183
Isle of Sheppey, Grey Dolphin legend 97–123 Islip, Simon, Archbishop of Canterbury 162, 180 Ivychurch, church of St George
Chinese-style gates 8
text boards 7, 8, 11, 14–15, 17, 18, 19
[pg364]
Iwade
Grovehurst estate 331
Neolithic–Bronze Age monuments 75, 93
Jansson, Jan 238
Jefferys, Thomas 6
Jervis, Ben see Briggs, Chris, & Jervis, Ben Joan (pope) 156, 178
John II (of France) 172, 173, 182, 183
John IX (pope) 156, 178
John of Chatham, Prior 169, 181
Johnson John 225
John jnr 225
Thomas 230, 232, 238, 239
William 225
William jnr 225
Julius Caesar, G. 303, 304, 305, 307–8, 309, 311
Keates, Sir Jonathon 330, 331–2
Kelme (alias Erhethe), Robert de 63, 70 Kembelyn 164, 180
Kemsley, prehistoric activity 93
Kenardington, church of St Mary, text boards 6, 7, 15, 17
Kent, earl of see Odo
Kent, Alexander J., Leach, Avril, Pratt, Simon, & Williams, Cressida, ‘Celebrating Canterbury’s cartographic heritage: a short introduction to the city’s maps and mapmakers, c.1550–1750’ 216–42
Kilburne, Richard 99
Killingray, David see Taylor, Iain, & Killingray,
David
Knights Templar 108–9
Knowles, Pete, ‘A new Palaeolithic handaxe discovery from the Fordwich Plateau’ 323–6
Laberius Durus, Quintus 304
Lamb, F. 239
Lancefield, J. 238
land division, late Bronze Age/early Iron Age 28,
29, 49–50, 51
Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury 254–7, 254,
259
Langdon, Thomas 225, 237
Langland, William 207
Lea, P. 239
Lea, Philip 330
Leach, Avril, book review by 346–9; see also Kent, Alexander J., Leach, Avril, Pratt, Simon, & Williams, Cressida
Leeds, castle 174, 181
Leland, John 223, 305, 306
Lewis, Penny 324
Lewisham (London Borough), Grove Park, coin
hoard 337
Leybourne/Leyburn family 101
Sir William de 101 literacy, C17–18 9
Littlebourne, depiction of 225, 237 living standards, C15 58–72 London
St James Park, duck decoy 328–30, 329
Vauxhall manor 232
Walworth manor 232
Westminster Abbey 169
loom weights
Bronze Age 86, 92
late Bronze Age/early Iron Age 36, 37
Lukin, Paul 332
Luxford, Julian, ‘The marginal drawings in the
fourteenth-century Cranston MS 1117, almost certainly Canterbury-provenanced’ 152–86
Lydd, church of All Saints 19 Lymynge, Henry 61
Lyne, Richard 223, 229, 237
Lyon, John 61
Macpherson-Grant, Nigel 265–6
Maidstone
church of All Saints, explosion damage 338–9, 340–2
Mill Street, traction engine explosion 338–43 Maldon, John 63–4
Manston, William 64
mappa mundi[fn216]
marginal drawings, medieval see Cranston MS
1117
Marshall, Dawn 281
Marten, J. 4
Martin, Moses 339
Matthew Paris 152, 167, 174, 216
Maxted, Henry 236, 239
May, Adrian 328
Maybanke, Edward 329
Menpes, Mr 340
Mepham, Simon of, Archbishop of Canterbury 162, 179
Mercer, Messrs 340
Meredith, Miss 336
Mersham, estate map 233
Metcalfe, Gillian M., ‘The eighteenth-century scriptural text boards of Romney Marsh churches’ 1–22
Methodism 10
Milton Regis see under Sittingbourne Minnis Bay see under Birchington Minster
abbey 115
church of St Sexburga
horse connections (illus) 111–15
Shirland monument (illus) 97–9, 103, 115–
16
Grey Dolphin legend 97–123
Mollet, André 328–9
[pg365]
Monckton, J. 339, 341 Mone, John snr 70 Monkton
manor 207–8, 211–12, 213
Monkton Street, excavations background and location 187–9, 188
discussion 206–13 environmental evidence
animal bone 204–5
plant remains 205–6
excavation evidence (illus) 189–204
Mont St-Michel (France), abbey 253, 254, 255,
257–8, 259, 260, 262
Moorhouse, Henry 10
Morden, Robert 330 Morley, Harbert 334n7 Morley, John 10
Morris, Thomas 112
Muirhead, Mr 340
Mynde, J. 239
nails
Romano-British 248, 249
medieval 193, 196 Nash, John 333n2 Needham, G. 10 New Romney
church of St Nicholas 19
Elizabeth Bowen on 292
Newington and Cheriton, estate map 232, 234
Nicholas II (pope) 256 Nichols, John 107
non-conformism 10
Nothelm 315
Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent 256, 257, 258, 259–60, 262
Oeric 315
Ogilby, John 330, 331
Old Romney, church of St Clement, text boards 6–8, 7, 11, 15–16, 17, 20
Old Somerby (Lincs), effigial monument 103,
103
Oleg ‘the Seer’ 110
Ortelius, Abraham 229
Ǫrvar-Oddr 110
Overton, J. 230
Paccheherst, Thomas 70
Packe, Christopher, A New Philosophico- Chorographical Chart of East Kent 217, 239
Pallas 156, 179
Papillon, Elizabeth 106
Parker, Matthew, Archbishop of Canterbury 223 Payn, John 61
Pek, William 63
Perkins, Dave 286
Peter of Cyprus 172, 183
Petham, Thomas 65
Peutinger Table 216, 302
Philip IV (of France) 169, 171
Philip VI (of France) 171, 182 Philipot, John 99, 120n49
Philipot, Thomas 99, 105–6, 107–8
Philippa of Hainault 170–2, 171, 182
Picard, Valentine 239
Pittman, Susan, A.J. Clements & Sons Farmers of Gosenhill, Crockenhill, Kent, reviewed 349
plank, medieval 271–3, 272
plant remains
Neolithic/Bronze Age, Sittingbourne 77, 78
Bronze Age
Hoath 245–7, 250
Sittingbourne 86, 87, 88
Southfleet 142
late Bronze Age/early Iron Age, Gravesend 43 late Iron Age/Romano-British, Hoath 248, 249,
251
Saxo-Norman, Gravesend 43–5
medieval, Monkton 205–6 not dated, Hoath 249
post alignments, late Neolithic–early Bronze Age 81, 91, 93, 94
pottery
Neolithic
Sittingbourne 82, 84, 86
Southfleet 128, 135, 139
Beaker
Sittingbourne 82, 83, 85, 86, 91–2
Southfleet 128, 139
Bronze Age
Sittingbourne 84, 85, 86–7
Southfleet 128, 133, 139
late Iron Age/Romano-British, Southfleet 135, 139–40
Romano-British, Hoath 247, 248–9
medieval
Minnis Bay (illus) 267, 270, 273, 275–9,
281, 283
Monkton 193, 195
Southfleet 140
post-medieval, Southfleet 140 pouch see bag/pouch
Powell, David Thomas 98, 99, 101, 111
Powell-Cotton, Antoinette, excavations by see
Birchington, Minnis Bay Powell-Cotton, Percy 323
Pratt, Simon see Kent, Alexander J., Leach, Avril, Pratt, Simon, & Williams, Cressida
Ptolemy’s Geography 302, 309, 317
Pushkin, Alexander 110
Pytheas 309
querns
Saxo-Norman 34, 38, 50
not dated 140
[pg366]
radiocarbon dating Gravesend 32, 46, 47
Hoath 245
Sittingbourne 78–9, 86, 88
Southfleet 131–2
Ralph Diceto 160
Ramsgate, Ebbsfleet 307, 308
Randall, Alexander 340, 341
Randall, Edward 236, 239
Rannulfus, abbot 254, 257
Ravenna Cosmography 302
Reader, Henry 339
Reigate (Surrey), Cranston library 152
Relf, Mr 339
Reynolds, Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury 116 Richard I, Duke of Normandy 257
Rimes, James 330
ring-ditch, late Neolithic–early Bronze Age 84–
5, 92
Ringlemere, prehistoric activity 90–1, 92
Robert of Mortain 257, 258, 260, 262
Roberts, Emma 112 Robertson, Canon Scott 223
Robinson, Keith, ‘Sydracke Hilcus, designer of the king’s duck decoy in St James’ Park, London: subsequently builder of the Grovehurst decoy at Milton-next-Sittingbourne’ 328–34
Rochester
bishop of see Gundulf
cathedral, maps 231
Cathedral Priory 153, 154, 260, 261, 262 chattels list, C15 60
Rosman, Doreen, Canterbury: a History since 1500, the story of a city and its people, reviewed 346–9
Rowley, William 231
royal arms, Romney Marsh churches 4, 20 Roycroft, T. 330
Ruckinge, church of St Mary 19
Russell, Caroline see Holman, James, & Russell,
Caroline
Russell, Harriet 342n4 Russell, John 342n4 Russell, John Thomas 341–2 Rynge, William 66
Sacchetti, Franco 110
Saffery, John 336
Saghier, Richard 61
Saladin 169, 181
Salisbury (Wilts), cathedral 116–17, 117 Sandwich
coin weight 336
Elizabeth Bowen on 292
Schnebbelie, Jacob, illustration by 100, 112, 113
Scolland 253–4, 260
Score, David see Hayden, Chris, Score, David, &
Haines, Tim
Scott, John 330
Scott, Samuel 114, 115 Scrope, Garvase 242n61 Seargeant, Thomas 332
Seddon, Guy see Gerrard, James, & Seddon, Guy Selling, William, Prior 212
Seymour, Charles 109
Shaw, S. 342
shellfish, medieval 208 Shepherdswell, coin weight 336 Shirland, Sir Geoffrey de 120n49
Shirland, Margaret, m. William Cheyne 100
Shirland, Sir Robert de
legend 105–17
monument and career (illus) 97–101, 103, 115–
16
Shirland, Sir Roger de 101, 108
shoe, medieval 276, 277 Shurland, Ralph de 107 Sinclair, Valentine 323 Sittingbourne
Grovehurst, duck decoy 330–3 The Meads, excavations
background and location 73–5, 74
discussion 89–93
excavation evidence 74
Mesolithic 76
early–middle Neolithic 76–7, 76
late Neolithic–early Bronze Age 77–86,
78, 79, 80, 83, 85
mid–late Bronze Age 86–8, 87
later use of complex 88–9, 89
Milton Regis
church of Holy Trinity 331, 332
Elkin/Hilkes family 331–2
Grovehurst estate 331
Slege, John 63
Sleyt family 103
Smith, William, maps by 219–24, 220–1, 224, 237
Smyth, John 66
Smythe, R. 110, 116
Snargate, church of St Dunstan, text boards 16, 17, 18, 19–20, 20
Somner, William 229–30, 238, 239 Southfleet, Pinden Quarry, excavations
background and location 124–6, 125
discussion 143–9
excavation evidence 127
late Bronze Age 128–33, 129–30
late Iron Age/Romano-British 133–5, 134
medieval/post-medieval 135–6
excavation methodology 126–8 finds
flint 136–9, 137–8
pottery 139–40
other 140
human bone 140–1
plant remains and charcoal 142
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spearhead, Iron Age 36–7, 37
Speed, John, Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine 216, 229–30, 229, 237, 238
spike, eyed, Saxo-Norman 37
Spondon, William 61
spoon, medieval, wooden 276, 278
Stapeldon, Sir Richard de 103, 104
Stephens, J.B. 339
Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury 259 stone pine remains 248, 251
Stone-cum-Ebony, coin weight 336 Storey, Edward 329, 330
Stothard, Charles 99, 101, 102
Stour, River see Great Stour
Stratford, John, Archbishop of Canterbury 162, 179 structured deposits
late Neolithic–early Bronze Age 82
late Bronze Age/early Iron Age 28–30, 39, 51–2, 52
see also termination deposit Stukeley, William 239
Sturry
charter 306
depiction of 225
sunken featured buildings (illus)
Gravesend 30–6, 48, 50–1
Monkton 191–3, 196, 201–2, 208
Suppo, Abbot 255, 257
Sylvester II (pope) 156, 178
Taylor, Iain, & Killingray, David, Sevenoaks 1790–1914. Risk and choice in West Kent, reviewed 349–50
Tenterden
painters and sculptors 4 place-name 317
termination deposit, Saxo-Norman 34–5, 34, 35,
40–2, 41, 51, 52–3
text boards, Romney Marsh churches 1, 5
construction, framing and calligraphy 1–8,
2–3, 6, 7
content and interpretation 11–20, 18, 19, 20
discussion 20–1
liturgy, literacy and political context 8–11 Teynham, Deerton Street, coin hoard 337 Thanet, place-name 317–18
Thomas Becket, St, Archbishop of Canterbury murderers 169, 172, 181
shrine 172–4, 173, 183–4
thong, leather, medieval 270
Tillotson, John 232
timber fragments, medieval 268, 270, 283, 285
timber horseshoe monuments, late Neolithic–
early Bronze Age 77–9, 79, 90–1, 93, 94
Tombelaine (France) 258
tool fragment, Saxo-Norman 37
trackways, late Iron Age/Romano-British 247, 249, 250, 251; see also droveway; hollow-way
traction engine explosion 338–43
Turner, Mr 339
Turnour, John 67
Tyrell, Walter 181
Underwood (Underdown), Frank 339, 340, 341
Victuarii 318
villeins, status and lifestyle 206–13 Virle, Robert 61
Visconti, Bernarbò 110 Visconti, Giovanni Maria 110 Vortigern 314–15
Vynour, Thomas 61
Wainflete, William 61–3
Wake, William, Archbishop of Canterbury 9
Walmer Castle frontispiece
Walpoole, George Augustus 107, 109
Wantsum Channel 310 Warehorne, church of St Matthew
text boards 6, 6, 16, 17, 18
witch marks 18, 19 Water, John atte 66 Waterman, George 330
Watling Street 25, 51 Waynflete, Thomas 72n14 Waynflete, William 72n14 Webb, Mr 332
Wecta 314
Weever, John 99, 105
weights see coin weights; loom weights Welde, John 61
Welle, Thomas Atte 61
wells
late Iron Age/Romano-British, Minnis Bay
266
medieval
Minnis Bay (illus) 265–7 analysis 284
contents 266–8, 269–83 final years of research 286–7
Monkton 197–8
Welton (Lincs), estate map 242n61 Westbere, depiction of 225 Weston, Adrian 327
White, Edward, Archbishop of Canterbury 341 Whitehead, R.A. 340, 341
Wibert, Prior 216, 237
Wigan, Bernard and Mary 343n6 Wihtgisl 314, 318
Wihtred, King of Kent 318 Wilkes, James 232, 238 Willesborough see under Ashford
William I 254, 255, 256–7, 258, 259–60, 262
William II 169, 181 William of Malmesbury 157 William of Poitiers 254
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Williams, Cressida see Kent, Alexander J., Leach, Avril, Pratt, Simon, & Williams, Cressida
Willock, Dr 323
Wilson, Jake, ‘Bronze Age enclosures and Saxo-Norman bakehouses: excavations at Coldharbour Road, Gravesend’ 23–57
Wilson, Tania, ‘A prehistoric monumental land- scape at The Meads, Sittingbourne’ 73–96
witch marks 18, 19
Witta 314
Woden 314
Wrake, Thomas 235
Wulward, John 61
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