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The Roman Pottery of Kent
by Dr Richard J. Pollard  -  Chapter 4  page 42
Doctoral thesis completed in 1982, published 1988

forms have been recorded at Lullingstone Park, near the villa site (unpublished), and also in Southwark (Bird et al. 1978b, nos. 16 and 637). Flanged vessels of Hartley’s Group 1(1977; no. 61 here), in white sandy fabrics, occur at Otford Charne Building site (unpublished), Lullingstone villa site (Pollard 1987, type VIE. 1(1)), Springhead (Hartley 1977, 6, and unpublished) and Southwark; the period of production of this group of mortaria is c. A.D. 55—85 (ibid.), but none of the Kent examples need be earlier than c. A.D. 80. The same can be said of Hartley’s Group 2 flanged mortaria (ibid.; no. 62 here), dating to c. A.D. 65—100+, which occur at Chariton (Elliston Erwood 1916, fig. 18, no. 5) and Springhead (unpublished), sites with pre-Flavian occupation. The Neronian products of the Eccles industry (Detsicas 1977a) have not been recognised away from the site itself.
   West Kent is also lacking in well-stratified occurrences of amphorae suggestive of pre-Flavian importation. South Spanish fabrics occur on several sites with pre-Flavian/Flavian occupation, but only at Springhead (unpublished) can finds be confidently dated to the first century; the form of the relevant vessels is uncertain.

3. The Coarse Wares of East Kent

Discussion of the pre- to early Flavian coarse pottery in the easternmost third of Kent is greatly facilitated by the evidence from two sites, Canterbury and Richborough. It is appropriate, therefore, to review these sources prior to more broad-based discussion taking in a number of other sites on the Stour-Wantsum floodplain and the Isle of Thanet.
   Canterbury. The excavations of the late 1970s in the Roman civitas capital have placed the study of that city’s ceramics on a much firmer footing than was previously possible, as full quantification of closely-dateable contexts 

has been executed. It is clear from this study (Pollard forthcoming, d) that grog-tempered pottery of ‘Aylesford-Swarling’ and ‘Gallo-Belgicderived’ styles comprised the vast bulk of early to mid-first century A.D. ceramics. The most common forms, accounting between them for perhaps 80 per cent of assemblages, are jars of plain rim (no. 24 here), bead-rim (nos. 25 and 42) and everted-rim type, with or without necks. The necked forms are usually accompanied by cordons or ‘corrugation’ of the lower neck and shoulder (e.g. nos. 26—29); narrow-aperture necked vessels are frequently encountered, particularly in later pre-Conquest and also post-Conquest contexts. Decoration is primarily of combed or ‘furrowed’ (deep combing) oblique and/or horizontal type, covering the whole of the body (e.g. no. 25) on all jar forms. Tooled lattice and chevron motifs are particularly characteristic of narrow-necked forms (as at Richborough: Bushe-Fox 1926, nos. 4 and 5), but occur also in wide-mouth necked jars (cf. Bushe-Fox 1932, no. 254 from Richborough). Stabbed decoration is less common, occurring on less than one in ten jars of both pre-Conquest and later first-century A.D. date. ‘Comb-stabbing’ is confined in the main to wide-mouth necked jars (no. 28 here) in Canterbury and on most sites in east Kent, Richborough being a notable exception to this rule (see below). ‘Stick-stabbing’ and ‘finger-nail-stabbing’ (e.g. nos. 29 and 42) is present on all jar forms however. Other forms include lids and straight-sided dishes (no. 34). ‘Quoit’ or low-pedestal bases are encountered in most pre-Flavian and pre-Conquest groups, presumably associated with necked jars and ‘bucket-urns’ as on burial sites of ‘Aylesford-Swarling’ ritual (q.v. Birchall 1965).
Bead-rim jars also occur in flint-tempered wares, often with ‘furrowed’ decoration, and in wares of flint-sand or flint-grog admixture. The stratigraphic evidence suggests that these wares

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