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recurved-rim colour coated beakers (Hull 1963, Forms 391
and 396, fig. 58, nos. 16 and 18) and on buff pedestal-vases from
the vicinity of kilns at Colchester (Hull 1963, Form 207, fig. 71, nos. 6-7;
Mucking produced grey ware versions of this form: Jones and Rodwell 1973,
Type N). Diamond-rouletting has not been seen in Kent, and only two
examples of roller-stamping have been recorded, at Lullingstone (Pollard
1987, fig. 86, no. 408) and Springhead (unpublished). These motifs are
absent from the Billericay kiln material. The hypothesis of quite discrete
distribution areas for the products of different groups of kilns in north
Kent and southern Essex may be proposed on the evidence of these motifs.
That of the Cliffe peninsula appears to have taken in the Medway and
Darent valleys and the land between them, with smaller quantities and
fewer types being marketed beyond this core area (cf. Figs. 45-48 here)
in both west and east Kent. The predominant forms in west and central
northern Kent and in southern Essex are the cavetto-rim jar and plain
pie-dish in BB2, and the pear-shaped necked roll-rim jar in plain sandy
ware.
Coarse ware mortaria in west Kent of Hadrianic to Severan
date are predominantly in fine and sandy white wares, particularly the
hook-flanged form with a bead level with the flange top (nos. 116, 118
here), and a form with a near-vertical flange. These were both produced at
Colchester (Hull 1963, Forms 497 and 501, respectively), the former in the
late Hadrianic-Antonine period, the latter from the later second into the
third century. K.F. Hartley's research on mortaria stamps has indicated
that products of the Colchester potters of c. A.D. 140-200 were
distributed throughout Kent (including New Ash Green, Springhead and
Rochester: Hartley 1963; 1972), East Anglia and the Home Counties, as well
as in the northern military zone (Hartley 1973a, fig. 7). The hook-flange
rim form was also produced at Canterbury, in both white and oxidised wares
(Jenkins 1960, no. 21; Kirkman 1940, nos.
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5-10), and possibly at or near Rochester also in white ware (Hartley 1972;
nos. 116-118 here). The scarcity of oxidised vessels in west Kent, in
comparison with their abundance in east Kent, suggests that the former area
drew its supplies mainly from Essex and perhaps local potteries. Cream ware
mortaria production is also attested at Grays, Thurrock (Drury 1973) during
the period c. A.D. 150-250, but the range of forms has not been
published.
The supply of mortaria from the Brockley Hill-Verulamium industry to Kent
appears to have ceased during the Hadrianic period, except to sites in the
immediate vicinity of Southwark (e.g. Charlton and Greenwich), which contain
forms of the mid- to late second century (Charlton: Elliston Erwood 1916,
fig. 18, nos. 2 and 3). The loss of the bulk of the Kent market coincided
with the eclipse of this industry's trade to the northern military zone by
the expanding Mancetter-Hartshill concern (Hartley 1973a, 42).
Vertical-flanged 'hammer-head' white sandy mortaria with quartz
trituration grit (Gillam 1970, Type 272), possibly from a source in west
Surrey (where they are most common: e.g. Hanworth 1968; C. Smith 1977; cf.
Hartley 1973a), occur on several sites in contexts of the late second and
third centuries (Appendix 3). Other 'hammer-head' (no. 180 here) and
triangular-flange vessels, in fine or sandy oxidised ware sometimes with a
white wash and flint trituration grit, may have been imported from east Kent
in the late second and third centuries. Occasional vessels from the
Rhineland industry at Soller, including examples with the stamp of
Verecundus, were imported probably during the latter half of the second
century (Hartley 1973a); these are in an orange to buff and white sandy
fabric with quartz trituration grit, and include thick-horizontal flange
(e.g. Bird et a!. 1978b, fig. 218, nos. 1820-1 from Southwark) and
hook-flange forms.
These are virtually the only coarse wares, apart from amphorae,
to have reached west Kent
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