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each end (?), provenance unrecorded. [Payne, Coll.
Cant. (1893), p. 87; Arch. Journ. xxxvi, 183.] In Maidstone
Museum is a piece of a carinated cup and a fragment of a Samian bowl, form
29. See also Gillingham and Luton.
CHATTENDEN.—Five cremation burials were found in 1907 and
subsequently, near the west entrance to Lodge Hill Powder Magazines, 200
yds. east of Chattenden Lane. With them was much Samian now in the
Rochester Museum, probably late first or early second century. (P1.
xxxii.) [Arch. Cant. xxviii, xcv (P1. II), xxix, lxxix.]
CHETNEY HILL.—Potteries, see p. 132.
CHILHAM.—In pulling down the old castle and digging the
foundations of the new one about 1610, traces were noted of an older
building with ‘culinary vessels’ in or near it at a great depth, which
were thought to be Roman. Philipot, Villare Cantianum (1659), 117
; hence Hasted, op. cit. vii, 264, etc.] Courses of squared pieces of
chalk and many of the stones in the present house have been thought to be
Roman, and there are also one or two fragments of Roman bricks. But a
tunnel driven through the mound under the ancient keep by a recent owner
failed to reveal any trace of Roman age. It is best therefore not to
assign a Roman date to these remains. [Arch Cant vii, proc lii,
liii, Antiq Journ viii, 350] The large earthwork in Shillingheld
Wood was also held to be Roman, and foundations of walls, one of flint and
mortar 3 ft. thick, with fragments of tiles and bricks, and coins and
urns, were said to have been found. Lastly, there is a tradition that
Roman potsherds with bits of leather in the shape of money were found in
Round Wood. But it seems as unlikely that the earthwork is Roman, or that
the finds were Roman, as that the tumulus called ‘Julaber’s Grave’
is the grave of Caesar’s tribune, Quintus Laberius Durus, as first
suggested by Camden (Britannia, 1587 ed. p. 201). The
tumulus is actually a long barrow. [Gale, Itin. (1709), p. 86;
Harris, Hist. ef Kent (1719), i, 76, 369; Gem’s Mag. 1794,
ii, 909; 1796, i, 473; hence Hasted, Hist. Kent, vii, 264, 126, and
Gough in Camden Britannia (1806), i, 353; and Arch,. li,
455. For ‘Julaber’s Grave’ see Arch. xliii, 176, note,
and for the whole question of Caesar’s campaigns in Kent, T. Rice
Holmes, Ancient Britain (1907), p. 682 and passim.]
CHILLENDEN.—A brass coin of Carausius was found here. A
gold coin of Allectus weighing 67 grains (exergue ML) is recorded from
Chittenden, which is perhaps a mistake for Chillenden. [C. R. Smith, Collect.
Antiq. v, 154, 156, P1. XVII, fig. 7. [Numis. Chron. viii (new
ser.) (1868), 231.]
CHISLEHURST.—In a bottle-shaped cavern opened in digging
chalk pits on the south side of Camden Park, were British or
Romano-British potsherds, a small Samian vessel stamped VIC
. . ., a few flint knives and arrow-heads, and some tool-cut blocks of
chalk. The well-known Chislehurst Caves are sometimes said to be Roman
chalk mines, but there is no definite evidence of the date of the
galleries, which to a large extent were worked as chalk quarries during
the 18th and 19th centuries. [Arch. Cant. i, 137; xviii, 307; Arch.
Journ. xxvi, 294; xxxviii, 407; Journ. Brit. Arch. Assoc. new
ser. x, 87ff, xiii, 254f, xiv, 87f; Jessup, Arch. Kent (1930), p.
163..] For other caverns, see Crayford and Greenhithe.
CHISLET.—A few fragments of Roman pottery are in the Kent
Arch~eologica1 Society’s Museum at Maidstone.
CLIFFE-AT-HOO.—A cemetery was found in digging mud for the
Nine Elms Cement Works about 1909 in the marshes, 4 ft. from the surface,
close to the river wall opposite East Tilbury, 3 miles from Cliffe. The
account mentions several skeletons and a large number of pots (P1. xxxiii)
of all kinds and dating apparently from the late-first to the third
century, including the stamp DIICMVSM.
The most notable object was a bronze patella decorated in relief, now in
Rochester Museum. [Arch. Cant. xxix, lxxvi.] See also Higham, Hoo,
Shorne and Stoke.
COBHAM.—In grubbing a tree root near Brewer’s Gate in
Cobham Park in 1883, workmen came upon an earthen pot containing a hoard
of some 850 ‘2nd and 3rd brass’ coins dating from Constantine I to
Decentius, and buried apparently about 353 A.D. [Arch. Cant. xv,
321, proc. p. xlvi; Journ. Brit. Arch. Assoc. xl, 213; Num.
Chron. 3rd series (1885), vii, 108.] There is also a record of
the discovery in 1825 of ‘at least three waggon loads of human bones,
mingled with leather, many metal celts, spear-heads, and armour’ in an
entrenchment at Claylane Wood on Wading Street, but not Roman. [Dunkin, Mem.
of Springhead (1848 ed), p. 113.]
COLDRED.—Urns and burnt bones—presumably Roman—were
found about 1770 or 1780 in a plantation ¼ mile north-east of the
earthwork near the church. [Hasted, Hist. Kent (1799), iv, 12;
hence Brayley and Britton, Beauties of England (1808), viii, 1072.]
Urns were also found in Waldershare Park. [Hasted, op. cit. v,
386.]
COOLING.—Two coins are recorded from here, viz., a denarius
of Gordian III and Tranquillina. [Num. Chron. vii, 1867, proc. p.
7.] Near the borders of the marsh at Bromhey Farm, a large area of
extremely loose soil was discovered containing material typical of the ‘Red
Hills’ sites
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