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Victoria
County History of Kent Vol. 3
1932 - Romano-British
Kent - Country Houses - Page 105
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But no more has been recorded.11 A
lead coffin was found quite near, in the Bexley road, see Topographical
Index, p. 146.
8. BORDEN.—Roman bricks were noticed in this parish in
1695, and foundations in 1846 and 1850. The site of all the
discoveries appears to be a field called Fourteen Acres, near the old
manor house of Sutton Baron, on the side of the hill, and about a mile and
a half south of Watling Street. Of the bricks nothing is recorded save
that they were Roman. The foundations indicated three separate structures.
A square building with flint walls 18 in. thick was noted in 1846; its
interior was filled with debris, Stones, mortar and tile, and
oyster-shells. Distinct from this, but found at the same time, was an
oblong building with thicker walls, fitted apparently with a hypocaust and
also containing debris of broken tiles, mortar, and potsherds. An old pond
or rubbish-hole near by yielded nails, potsherds, knives, door-hinges,
bone pins and 35 coins (?part of a hoard)— 3 Gallienus, 28 Tetricus, 1
Numerian, 2 Carausius, and 1 Allectus. A third building was detected in
the same vicinity about 1850. According to the rather confused record, an
area, measuring 14 ft. by 16 ft., was explored. On one side were
two walls faced with mortar, 3 ft. apart, and, near the southern end of
them, but a foot deeper, lay a skeleton facing east, with bits of a wooden
coffin bound with iron, and a bronze coin of Victorinus. Broken tiles and
human bones, apparently thrown in at a later date, also came to light.12
9. BOUGHTON MONCHELSEA.—Here remains have been noticed at
various dates in a large sloping field called The Slade, on the south bank
of the little Brishing or Brushing stream. The chief discovery in 1841 is
an oblong structure 60 ft. long and 30 ft. wide (fig. 22). The
external walls were found to be 2 ft. thick, and rudely worked in
Kentish ragstone and cement, with quoins of tiles and cement which often
projected beyond the rest of the walling, forming buttresses, for example,
to the wide apse at (E). Within were five rooms.
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Fig 22 Bath-house at Boughton Monchelsea
(From Arch. xxix)
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The southernmost (A), cut 5 ft. deep into the
Chalk rock of the sloping hillside and lined with a wall, contained the
furnace and showed clear marks of firing and charcoal. The next room (B),
25 ft. long, overlay a pillared hypocaust, and on the western side
enlarged into two apses. In its south-east corner was a cemented basin or
sink resting on a pier of tiles, meant possibly for hot water. On the
north-west was a third room (C), also above a pillared hypocaust, supplied
with hot air from (B), and provided with hot air flues in its walls.
Window glass was found within and close outside this room. From it a door
30 in. wide led eastwards to a fourth room of similar size (D), roughly
paved with ragstone. North of this, and divided from it by a low wall, was
a semicircular apse (E), 18 in. deep, with sides of’ red fresco,’
moulded to meet the bottom, from which a drain ran out, apparently to the
Brishing stream, 27 ft. away. No arrangements for heating were
discoverable, and we have here apparently a cold bath. The floors of all
these rooms, except (C), had been destroyed, and large pieces of concrete
and building material, painted wall-plaster, part of a semicircular
pilaster, potsherds and the like, lay scattered in the hypocausts, while
above this debris was a thin stratum of charcoal ashes with nails and
fused metal in it. From the eastern wall of (D) another doorway led, as it
seems, into a fifth room (F) with ‘stuccoed walls,’ but here the
excavations ended. We cannot tell how far the building extended, or
whether it was practically complete as uncovered. It is stated that the
field to
11 Spurrell, Arch. Cant. xviii,
313, and site 16 on map, p. 307. It lies half a mile south-west of the
site at Crayford (see p. 110).
12 Brit. Arch. Assoc. Journ. ii
(1847), 346; iv (1849), 68; vi (1851), 448; Ireland, Hist. Kent, iv,
37 and Phippen, Descr. Sketches of Rochester (1862), p. 224.
For other finds near, see Sittingbourne, p. 98.
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