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Victoria County History of Kent Vol. 3  1932 - Romano-British Kent - Country Houses - Page 105

But no more has been recorded.11  A lead coffin was found quite near, in the Bexley road, see Topographical Index, p. 146.
   8. BORDEN.—Roman bricks were noticed in this parish in 1695, and foundations in 1846 and 1850. The site of all the discoveries appears to be a field called Fourteen Acres, near the old manor house of Sutton Baron, on the side of the hill, and about a mile and a half south of Watling Street. Of the bricks nothing is recorded save that they were Roman. The foundations indicated three separate structures. A square building with flint walls 18 in. thick was noted in 1846; its interior was filled with debris, Stones, mortar and tile, and oyster-shells. Distinct from this, but found at the same time, was an oblong building with thicker walls, fitted apparently with a hypocaust and also containing debris of broken tiles, mortar, and potsherds. An old pond or rubbish-hole near by yielded nails, potsherds, knives, door-hinges, bone pins and 35 coins (?part of a hoard)— 3 Gallienus, 28 Tetricus, 1 Numerian, 2 Carausius, and 1 Allectus. A third building was detected in the same vicinity about 1850. According to the rather confused record, an area, measuring 14 ft. by 16 ft., was explored. On one side were two walls faced with mortar, 3 ft. apart, and, near the southern end of them, but a foot deeper, lay a skeleton facing east, with bits of a wooden coffin bound with iron, and a bronze coin of Victorinus. Broken tiles and human bones, apparently thrown in at a later date, also came to light.12
   9. BOUGHTON MONCHELSEA.—Here remains have been noticed at various dates in a large sloping field called The Slade, on the south bank of the little Brishing or Brushing stream. The chief discovery in 1841 is an oblong structure 60 ft. long and 30 ft. wide (fig. 22). The external walls were found to be 2 ft. thick, and rudely worked in Kentish ragstone and cement, with quoins of tiles and cement which often projected beyond the rest of the walling, forming buttresses, for example, to the wide apse at (E). Within were five rooms. 


Fig 22  Bath-house at Boughton Monchelsea
(From Arch. xxix)

The southernmost (A), cut 5 ft. deep into the Chalk rock of the sloping hillside and lined with a wall, contained the furnace and showed clear marks of firing and charcoal. The next room (B), 25 ft. long, overlay a pillared hypocaust, and on the western side enlarged into two apses. In its south-east corner was a cemented basin or sink resting on a pier of tiles, meant possibly for hot water. On the north-west was a third room (C), also above a pillared hypocaust, supplied with hot air from (B), and provided with hot air flues in its walls. Window glass was found within and close outside this room. From it a door 30 in. wide led eastwards to a fourth room of similar size (D), roughly paved with ragstone. North of this, and divided from it by a low wall, was a semicircular apse (E), 18 in. deep, with sides of’ red fresco,’ moulded to meet the bottom, from which a drain ran out, apparently to the Brishing stream, 27 ft. away. No arrangements for heating were discoverable, and we have here apparently a cold bath. The floors of all these rooms, except (C), had been destroyed, and large pieces of concrete and building material, painted wall-plaster, part of a semicircular pilaster, potsherds and the like, lay scattered in the hypocausts, while above this debris was a thin stratum of charcoal ashes with nails and fused metal in it. From the eastern wall of (D) another doorway led, as it seems, into a fifth room (F) with ‘stuccoed walls,’ but here the excavations ended. We cannot tell how far the building extended, or whether it was practically complete as uncovered. It is stated that the field to
   11  Spurrell, Arch. Cant. xviii, 313, and site 16 on map, p. 307. It lies half a mile south-west of the site at Crayford (see p. 110).
   12  Brit. Arch. Assoc. Journ. ii (1847), 346; iv (1849), 68; vi (1851), 448; Ireland, Hist. Kent, iv, 37 and Phippen, Descr. Sketches of Rochester (1862), p. 224. For other finds near, see Sittingbourne, p. 98.

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